Ọdịdị nke eriri ahụ yiri ka ọ dị mfe, n'eziokwu, akụkụ nke ọ bụla nke ya nwere nzube dị mkpa nke ya, ya mere, a ghaghị ịhọrọ nke ọma nke ọma mgbe ị na-emepụta eriri ahụ, iji hụ na a pụrụ ịdabere na eriri nke ihe ndị a na-arụ n'oge ọrụ.
1. Ihe nduzi
N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, ihe ndị a na-eji maka ndị na-eduzi eriri ọkụ bụ ọla kọpa na aluminom. A nwakwara sodium nwa obere oge. Ọla kọpa na aluminom nwere ikike eletriki eletrik ka mma, na ọnụ ọgụgụ ọla kọpa dị ntakịrị mgbe ị na-ebufe otu ihe dị ugbu a, ya mere, dayameta dị n'èzí nke onye na-eduzi ọla kọpa dị ntakịrị karịa nke onye na-eduzi aluminom. Ọnụ ego aluminom dị ala karịa ọla kọpa. Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, n'ihi na njupụta nke ọla kọpa dị ukwuu karịa nke aluminom, ọ bụrụgodị na ikike ibu ugbu a bụ otu ihe ahụ, akụkụ obe nke onye na-eduzi aluminom dị ukwuu karịa nke onye na-eduzi ọla kọpa, ma eriri aluminom ka dị ọkụ karịa eriri ọla kọpa. .
2. Ihe mkpuchi
Enwere ọtụtụ ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi nke eriri ọkụ MV nwere ike iji, ọbụlagodi gụnyere teknụzụ tozuru oke ihe mkpuchi akwụkwọ, nke ejirila nke ọma mee ihe karịa 100 afọ. Taa, a nabatala mkpuchi mkpuchi polymer extruded. Ihe mkpuchi polymer extruded gụnyere PE (LDPE na HDPE), XLPE, WTR-XLPE na EPR. Ihe ndị a bụ thermoplastic yana thermosetting. Ihe thermoplastic na-emebi mgbe a na-ekpo ọkụ, ebe ihe thermoset na-ejigide ọdịdị ha na okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ.
2.1. Ihe mkpuchi akwụkwọ
Ná mmalite nke ọrụ ha, eriri ndị na-ekpuchi akwụkwọ na-ebu nanị obere ibu ma na-echekwa ya nke ọma. Otú ọ dị, ndị ọrụ ike na-aga n'ihu na-eme ka eriri ahụ na-ebuwanye ibu na-ebuwanye ibu, ọnọdụ mbụ nke eji eme ihe adịghịzi adabara mkpa nke eriri ugbu a, mgbe ahụ, ahụmahụ mbụ nke ọma enweghị ike ịnọchite anya ọrụ n'ọdịnihu nke eriri ga-adị mma. . N'afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, a na-ejikarị eriri mpempe akwụkwọ eme ihe.
2.2.PVC
A ka na-eji PVC dị ka ihe mkpuchi maka eriri 1kV dị ala ma bụrụkwa ihe na-akwa ákwà. Otú ọ dị, ngwa nke PVC na mkpuchi eriri na-eji XLPE dochie ngwa ngwa, na ngwa n'ime sheath na-edochi ngwa ngwa site na linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), medium density polyethylene (MDPE) ma ọ bụ nnukwu njupụta polyethylene (HDPE), na ndị na-abụghị. -Ụdị PVC nwere ọnụ ahịa okirikiri ndụ dị ala.
2.3. Polyethylene (PE)
E mepụtara polyethylene dị ala (LDPE) na 1930s ma jiri ya ugbu a dị ka resin ntọala maka polyethylene crosslinked (XLPE) na osisi na-eguzogide mmiri na-ekpuchi polyethylene (WTR-XLPE). Na thermoplastic steeti, kacha arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke polyethylene bụ 75 Celsius C, nke dị ala karịa arụ ọrụ okpomọkụ nke akwụkwọ mkpuchi cables (80 ~ 90 Celsius C). A doziri nsogbu a site na ọbịbịa nke polyethylene cross-linked (XLPE), nke nwere ike izute ma ọ bụ karịa okpomọkụ ọrụ nke eriri mkpuchi akwụkwọ.
2.4.Polyethylene jikọrọ cross (XLPE)
XLPE bụ ihe na-ekpo ọkụ nke a na-eme site na ịgwakọta polyethylene dị ala (LDPE) na ihe na-ejikọta ya (dị ka peroxide).
Oke onye na-eduzi okpomọkụ na-arụ ọrụ nke XLPE mkpuchi mkpuchi bụ 90 Celsius C, nyocha nke ibufe ihe ruru 140 Celsius C, na obere oge okpomọkụ nwere ike iru 250 Celsius C. XLPE nwere àgwà dielectric magburu onwe ya ma nwee ike iji ya na oke voltaji. 600V ka 500kV.
2.5. Osisi na-eguzogide mmiri na-ejikọta polyethylene Cross-linked (WTR-XLPE)
Ihe ngosi osisi mmiri ga-ebelata ndụ ọrụ nke eriri XLPE. Enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ isi belata uto osisi mmiri, mana otu n'ime ihe ndị a na-anabatakarị bụ iji ihe mkpuchi pụrụ iche emebere iji gbochie uto osisi mmiri, nke a na-akpọ osisi polyethylene na-ejikọ mmiri na-eguzogide mmiri, WTR-XLPE.
2.6. Ethylene propylene roba (EPR)
EPR bụ ihe na-ekpo ọkụ nke ethylene, propylene (mgbe ụfọdụ monomer nke atọ), na copolymer nke monomer atọ a na-akpọ ethylene propylene diene roba (EPDM). N'ime oke okpomọkụ, EPR na-adị nro mgbe niile ma nwee ezigbo nguzogide corona. Agbanyeghị, ọnwụ dielectric nke ihe EPR dị elu nke ukwuu karịa nke XLPE na WTR-XLPE.
3. Usoro vulcanization mkpuchi
Usoro njikọ njikọ ahụ bụ kpọmkwem maka polymer eji. Imepụta polymer crosslink na-amalite site na polymer matrix wee tinye stabilizers na crosslinkers iji mepụta ngwakọta. Usoro njikọ njikọ ahụ na-agbakwụnye ihe njikọ ndị ọzọ na nhazi molecular. Ozugbo ejikọtara ya, ụdọ molekụla polymer na-anọgide na-agbanwe, mana enweghị ike ikewa ya kpamkpam n'ime mmiri gbazee.
4. Onye na-ahụ maka nchekwa na ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi
The ọkara conductive ọta oyi akwa na-extruded na mpụta elu nke onye na-eduzi na mkpuchi ka edo ọkụ eletrik na-ebu electric ubi ke cable insulated isi. Ihe a nwere akara injinia nke ihe oji carbon iji mee ka oyi akwa mkpuchi nke eriri wee nweta ihe nrụzi kwụsiri ike n'ime oke achọrọ.
Oge nzipu: Eprel-12-2024