Ụzọ na Ụdị Nhazi Polyethylene
(1) Polyethylene dị obere njupụta (LDPE)
Mgbe etinyere oke oxygen ma ọ bụ peroxide dị ka ihe na-ebido na ethylene dị ọcha, nke a na-agbanye ruo ihe dị ka 202.6 kPa, ma kpoo ya ọkụ ruo ihe dị ka 200°C, ethylene na-agbanwe ghọọ polyethylene ọcha, nke na-eme ka mmiri dị ka wax. A na-akpọkarị usoro a usoro nrụgide dị elu n'ihi ọnọdụ ọrụ. Polyethylene nke a na-enweta nwere njupụta nke 0.915–0.930 g/cm³ na ibu molekul sitere na 15,000 ruo 40,000. Nhazi molekul ya nwere nnukwu alaka ma dị nro, dị ka nhazi "dịka osisi", nke na-akọwa obere njupụta ya, ya mere a na-akpọ ya polyethylene dị ala.
(2) Polyethylene dị njupụta ọkara (MDPE)
Usoro nrụgide dị n'etiti gụnyere ime ka ethylene dị n'okpuru ikuku 30-100 site na iji ihe na-eme ka ihe na-akpali akpali nke metal oxide. Polyethylene nke a na-enweta nwere njupụta nke 0.931–0.940 g/cm³. Enwere ike imepụta MDPE site na ijikọta polyethylene dị elu (HDPE) na LDPE ma ọ bụ site na ijikọta ethylene na comonomers dịka butene, vinyl acetate, ma ọ bụ acrylates.
(3) Polyethylene dị elu (HDPE)
N'ọnọdụ okpomọkụ na nrụgide nkịtị, a na-eme ka ethylene bụrụ polymer site na iji ihe ndị na-eme ka ihe na-akpali akpali nke ọma (ihe mejupụtara organometallic nke alkylaluminum na titanium tetrachloride mejupụtara). N'ihi nnukwu ọrụ catalytic, enwere ike imecha mmeghachi omume polymerization ngwa ngwa na obere nrụgide (0-10 atm) na obere okpomọkụ (60-75°C), ya mere a na-akpọ ya usoro obere nrụgide. Polyethylene a na-enweta nwere nhazi molekul na-enweghị ngalaba, nke na-enye aka na njupụta ya dị elu (0.941–0.965 g/cm³). Ma e jiri ya tụnyere LDPE, HDPE na-egosipụta iguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu, njirimara igwe, na iguzogide nrụgide gburugburu ebe obibi.
Njirimara nke Polyethylene
Polyethylene bụ plastik dị ka mmiri ara ehi, dị ka wax, nke na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe mkpuchi na ihe mkpuchi kacha mma maka waya na waya. Uru ya bụ isi gụnyere:
(1) Njirimara eletriki dị mma: iguzogide mkpuchi dị elu na ike dielectric; obere ikike (ε) na tangent dielectric loss (tanδ) gafee oke ugboro ole na ole, yana obere ndabere ugboro ole na ole, na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ dielectric zuru oke maka eriri nkwukọrịta.
(2) Ezigbo ihe eji arụ ọrụ: mgbanwe ma sie ike, yana ezigbo nguzogide mgbanwe.
(3) Nguzogide siri ike megide ịka nká okpomọkụ, obere mmebi okpomọkụ, na nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ.
(4) Mmiri na-eguzogide nke ọma nke na-ebelata mmiri; mgbochi mkpuchi anaghị ebelata mgbe a mikpuru ya n'ime mmiri.
(5) Dịka ihe na-abụghị polar, ọ na-egosipụta nnukwu ike ikuku gas, ebe LDPE nwere ike ikuku gas kachasị elu n'etiti plastik.
(6) Ike ndọda dị ala, ihe niile dị n'okpuru 1. LDPE pụtara ìhè karịsịa na ihe dịka 0.92 g/cm³, ebe HDPE, n'agbanyeghị na ọ dị elu karịa, dị naanị ihe dịka 0.94 g/cm³.
(7) Ezigbo ihe eji arụ ọrụ: ọ dị mfe ịgbaze ma mee ka plastik dị nro na-enweghị ire ere, ọ na-ajụ oyi ngwa ngwa, ma na-enye ohere ịchịkwa geometry na nha ngwaahịa ahụ nke ọma.
(8) Eriri e ji polyethylene mee dị fechaa, dị mfe ịwụnye, ma dịkwa mfe ịkwụsị. Agbanyeghị, polyethylene nwekwara ọtụtụ ihe ndọghachi azụ: obere okpomọkụ na-eme ka ọ dị nro; ike ire ọkụ, na-ewepụta isi dị ka paraffin mgbe a gbara ya ọkụ; enweghị ike iguzogide nrụgide gburugburu ebe obibi na iguzogide ịrị elu. A chọrọ nlebara anya pụrụ iche mgbe a na-eji polyethylene dị ka ihe mkpuchi ma ọ bụ ihe mkpuchi maka eriri ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ eriri ndị etinyere na mmiri kwụ ọtọ.
Plastik Polyethylene maka waya na eriri
(1) Mkpuchi Ebumnobi Izugbe Polyethylene Plastik
Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ naanị polyethylene resin na antioxidants.
(2) Plastik Polyethylene nke Na-eguzogide Ihu Igwe
Ihe mejupụtara ya bụ polyethylene resin, antioxidants, na carbon black. Mgbochi ihu igwe dabere na nha, ọdịnaya, na mgbasa nke carbon black.
(3) Plastik Polyethylene nke na-eguzogide nrụgide gburugburu ebe obibi
A na-eji polyethylene nwere ihe na-agbaze agbaze n'okpuru 0.3 na nkesa dị warara nke ibu molekul. A pụkwara iji usoro radieshon ma ọ bụ kemịkalụ jikọta polyethylene ahụ.
(4) Mkpuchi ọkụ eletrik dị elu nke Polyethylene Plastik
Mkpuchi eriri voltaji dị elu chọrọ plastik polyethylene dị ọcha nke ukwuu, nke nwere ihe na-eme ka voltaji kwụsie ike na ihe ndị pụrụ iche na-eme ka ọ ghara ịpụta, gbochie mwepụta resin, ma melite iguzogide arc, iguzogide mbuze eletriki, na iguzogide corona.
(5) Plastik Polyethylene nke Semiconductive
A na-emepụta ya site na itinye carbon ojii na-eduzi na polyethylene, nke a na-ejikarị obere mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa, nke nwere usoro dị elu.
(6) Ngwakọta eriri Polyolefin nke Thermoplastic nke na-anaghị anwụrụ ọkụ (LSZH)
Ihe mejupụtara a na-eji polyethylene resin dị ka ihe ndabere, na-agụnye ihe mgbochi ọkụ na-enweghị halogen dị elu, ihe mgbochi anwụrụ ọkụ, ihe ndị na-eme ka okpomọkụ sie ike, ihe ndị na-egbochi nje, na ihe ndị na-agba agba, nke a na-ahazi site na ịgwakọta, ime ka plastik dị ọcha, na ịgba pelletization.
Polyethylene ejirikọta ọnụ (XLPE)
N'okpuru ọrụ nke radieshon ike dị elu ma ọ bụ ihe ndị na-ejikọ ọnụ, nhazi molekul nke polyethylene na-agbanwe ka ọ bụrụ nhazi akụkụ atọ (netwọk), na-agbanwe ihe thermoplastic ka ọ bụrụ thermoset. Mgbe ejiri ya dị ka ihe mkpuchi,XLPEnwere ike iguzogide okpomọkụ na-aga n'ihu ruo 90°C na okpomọkụ dị mkpụmkpụ nke 170–250°C. Usoro njikọta gụnyere njikọta anụ ahụ na nke kemịkalụ. Njikọ njikọta irradiation bụ usoro anụ ahụ, ebe ihe na-ejikọ kemịkalụ kachasị bụ DCP (dicumyl peroxide).
Oge ozi: Eprel-10-2025