Nhazi bụ isi nke waya na eriri gụnyere onye na-eduzi, mkpuchi, ihe mkpuchi, ihe mkpuchi na akụkụ ndị ọzọ.
1. Onye nduzi
Ọrụ: Onye na-eduzi bụ akụkụ nke waya na eriri nke na-ebunye ike eletriki (magnetic), ozi ma na-arụ ọrụ kpọmkwem nke mgbanwe ike electromagnetic.
Ihe eji arụ ọrụ: E nwere ihe ndị na-eduzi ihe ndị a na-ekpuchighị ekpuchi, dịka ọla kọpa, aluminom, ọla kọpa, aluminom alloy; ihe ndị na-eduzi ihe ndị a na-ekpuchi ígwè, dịka ọla kọpa a na-etinye n'ime ite, ọla kọpa a na-etinye n'ime ọlaọcha, ọla kọpa a na-etinye n'ime nickel; ihe ndị na-eduzi ihe ndị a na-etinye n'ime ígwè, dịka ígwè e ji ọla kọpa kpuchie, aluminom a na-etinye n'ime ọla kọpa, ígwè e ji aluminom kpuchie, wdg.
2. Mkpuchi
Ọrụ: A na-ekpuchi oyi akwa mkpuchi gburugburu onye na-eduzi ihe ma ọ bụ oyi akwa ọzọ nke onye na-eduzi ihe (dịka teepu mica na-adịghị mma), ọrụ ya bụ ikewapụ onye na-eduzi ihe ka ọ ghara ibu voltaji kwekọrọ na ya ma gbochie mmiri ịpụ apụ.
Ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka mkpuchi ihe e si na ya pụta bụ polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene cross-linked (XLPE), polyolefin na-anaghị ere ọkụ nke ...
3. Ịkpuchi
Ọrụ: Ihe mkpuchi e ji eme ihe na ngwaahịa waya na eriri nwere echiche abụọ dị iche iche kpamkpam.
Nke mbụ, a na-akpọ usoro nke waya na eriri ndị na-ebuga ebili mmiri elektrọnik ugboro ugboro (dịka redio ugboro ugboro, waya elektrọnik) ma ọ bụ ọkụ eletrik na-adịghị ike (dịka waya mgbaàmà). Ebumnuche ya bụ igbochi nnyonye anya nke ebili mmiri elektrọnik mpụga, ma ọ bụ igbochi akara ugboro ugboro dị na eriri ahụ igbochi ụwa mpụga, na igbochi nnyonye anya n'etiti ụzọ abụọ waya.
Nke abụọ, a na-akpọ usoro nke waya ike dị n'etiti na nke dị elu iji mee ka ọkụ eletrik dị n'elu ihe nduzi ma ọ bụ elu ihe mkpuchi ahụ hà nhata. N'ikwu ya n'ụzọ doro anya, ihe mkpuchi ubi eletrik anaghị achọ ọrụ nke "ihe nchekwa", kama ọ na-arụ ọrụ naanị nke ime ka ọkụ eletrik dị n'otu. Ihe mkpuchi nke na-ekpuchi eriri ahụ na-abụkarị nke e gwutere n'ala.
* Nhazi na ihe nchekwa elektrọnik
① Ihe mkpuchi a kpara akpa: jiri waya ọla kọpa gba ọtọ, waya ọla kọpa a kpara akpa tin, waya ọla kọpa a kpara akpa ọlaọcha, waya alloy aluminum-magnesium, teepu dị larịị ọla kọpa, teepu dị larịị ọla kọpa a kpara akpa ọlaọcha, wdg. iji kpaa ya n'èzí isi mkpuchi, waya abụọ ma ọ bụ isi eriri;
② Ihe mkpuchi teepu ọla kọpa: jiri teepu ọla kọpa dị nro kpuchie ma ọ bụ kechie ya n'èzí isi eriri ahụ;
③ Ihe mkpuchi teepu ígwè: jiri foil aluminom Teepu Mylar ma ọ bụ foil ọla kọpa Teepu Mylar iji kechie ma ọ bụ kechie waya ma ọ bụ eriri etiti kwụ ọtọ;
④ Nkpuchi zuru oke: Ngwa zuru oke site na ụdị ihe mkpuchi dị iche iche. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, kechie (1-4) waya ọla kọpa dị gịrịgịrị kwụ ọtọ mgbe ejiri foil aluminom kechie ya. Teepu Mylar. Waya ọla kọpa nwere ike ime ka mmetụta nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ dịkwuo elu;
⑤ Ihe nchebe dị iche + ihe nchebe zuru oke: a na-eji waya ọ bụla ma ọ bụ otu waya kpuchie ya site na foil aluminom. Teepu Mylar ma ọ bụ waya ọla kọpa a kpara iche iche, wee tinye usoro ihe nchebe zuru oke mgbe ejiri waya kpuchie ya;
⑥ Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi: Jiri waya ọla kọpa dị gịrịgịrị, teepu dị larịị ọla kọpa, wdg. kechie gburugburu waya mkpuchi, waya abụọ ma ọ bụ eriri isi.
* Nhazi na ihe nchekwa ubi eletriki
Ihe mkpuchi ọkara-conductive: Maka eriri ike nke 6kV na karịa, a na-ejikọ akwa mkpuchi ọkara-conductive dị gịrịgịrị na elu onye na-eduzi na elu ihe mkpuchi ahụ. Ihe mkpuchi onye na-eduzi bụ akwa mkpuchi ọkara-conductive a na-ewepụta. Ihe mkpuchi onye na-eduzi nwere akụkụ obe nke 500mm² na n'elu na-abụkarị teepu ọkara-conductive na oyi akwa ọkara-conductive a na-ewepụta. Ihe mkpuchi mkpuchi bụ ihe owuwu a na-ewepụta;
Mkpuchi waya ọla kọpa: A na-ejikarị waya ọla kọpa gbara okirikiri eme ihe mkpuchi njikọ aka, a na-ejikwa teepu ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ waya ọla kọpa emechi oyi akwa mpụta ahụ ma jikọta ya na teepu ọla kọpa ma ọ bụ waya ọla kọpa. A na-ejikarị ụdị nhazi a eme ihe na waya nwere nnukwu ọkụ eletrik dị mkpụmkpụ, dịka ụfọdụ waya 35kV buru ibu. eriri ike otu isi;
Mkpuchi teepu ọla kọpa: mkpuchi ya na teepu ọla kọpa dị nro;
④ Ihe mkpuchi aluminom a gbanyere akpụkọ: Ọ na-eji teepu aluminom a na-ekpo ọkụ ma ọ bụ teepu aluminom a na-eji eme ihe n'ogologo, ịgbado ọkụ, ịchafụ, wdg. Ụdị ihe nchebe a nwekwara ihe mgbochi mmiri dị mma, a na-ejikwa ya eme ihe maka eriri ike voltaji dị elu na nke dị elu.
4. Nkpuchi
Ọrụ nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ bụ ichebe eriri ahụ, isi ya bụkwa ichebe ihe mkpuchi ahụ. N'ihi mgbanwe gburugburu ebe obibi ojiji, ọnọdụ ojiji na ihe ndị onye ọrụ chọrọ. Ya mere, ụdị, ụdị nhazi na ihe achọrọ maka arụmọrụ nke ihe mkpuchi ahụ dịkwa iche iche, nke enwere ike ịchịkọta n'ime ụdị atọ:
Otu bụ ichekwa ọnọdụ ihu igwe dị n'èzí, ike igwe mgbe ụfọdụ, na oyi akwa nchekwa izugbe nke chọrọ nchekwa mkpuchi izugbe (dịka igbochi mbuso agha nke uzuoku mmiri na gas ndị na-emerụ ahụ); Ọ bụrụ na enwere nnukwu ike mpụga igwe ma ọ bụ buru ibu nke eriri ahụ, a ga-enwerịrị usoro nchekwa nke oyi akwa agha ígwè; nke atọ bụ usoro nchekwa nwere ihe achọrọ pụrụ iche.
Ya mere, a na-ekewa usoro mkpuchi waya na eriri n'ime akụkụ abụọ dị mkpa: mkpuchi (aka) na mkpuchi mpụta. Nhazi nke mkpuchi dị n'ime dị mfe, ebe mkpuchi mpụta gụnyere akwa agha ígwè na akwa mkpuchi dị n'ime ya (iji gbochie oyi akwa agha imebi oyi akwa mkpuchi dị n'ime), na mkpuchi mpụta nke bụ iji chebe oyi akwa agha, wdg. Maka ọtụtụ ihe achọrọ pụrụ iche dịka ihe mgbochi ọkụ, iguzogide ọkụ, mgbochi ụmụ ahụhụ (termite), mgbochi anụmanụ (nta oke, peck nnụnụ), wdg, a na-edozi ọtụtụ n'ime ha site na ịgbakwunye kemịkal dị iche iche na mkpuchi mpụta; ole na ole ga-agbakwunye ihe ndị dị mkpa na nhazi mkpuchi mpụta.
Ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ:
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), polyolefin na-anaghị egbu ọkụ nke na-anaghị egbu ọkụ nke na-enweghị halogen dị ala (LSZH/HFFR), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)
Oge ozi: Disemba-30-2022