Waya na waya, ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ndị na-ebu ibu ọrụ maka nnyefe ike na nkwukọrịta ozi, nwere arụmọrụ nke dabere kpọmkwem na usoro mkpuchi na mkpuchi mkpuchi. Site na mmụba nke ihe achọrọ n'ụlọ ọrụ ọgbara ọhụrụ maka arụmọrụ waya, usoro anọ bụ isi - extrusion, longitudinal wrapping, helical wrapping, na dip coating - na-egosi uru pụrụ iche na ọnọdụ dị iche iche. Isiokwu a na-enyocha nhọrọ ihe, usoro usoro, na ọnọdụ ngwa nke usoro ọ bụla, na-enye ntọala echiche maka imewe na nhọrọ waya.
1 Usoro Mbupụ
1.1 Sistemụ Ihe
Usoro extrusion na-eji ihe thermoplastic ma ọ bụ ihe thermosetting polymer eme ihe:
① Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): Ọ dị ọnụ ala, nhazi dị mfe, dabara adaba maka eriri voltaji dị ala (dịka ọmụmaatụ, eriri ọkọlọtọ UL 1061), mana enweghị ike iguzogide okpomọkụ (okpomọkụ ojiji ogologo oge ≤70°C).
②Polyethylene ejikọtara ọnụ (XLPE): Site na peroxide ma ọ bụ radieshon cross-linking, ọkwa okpomọkụ na-abawanye ruo 90°C (ọkọlọtọ IEC 60502), nke ejiri maka eriri ike dị n'etiti na nke dị elu.
③ Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU): Nguzogide Abrasion na-ezute ISO 4649 Standard Grade A, nke e ji maka eriri agbụ ígwè robot drag.
④ Fluoroplastics (dịka ọmụmaatụ, FEP): Nguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu (200°C) na nguzogide nchara kemịkalụ, na-emezu ihe achọrọ maka eriri ikuku MIL-W-22759.
1.2 Njirimara Usoro
Ọ na-eji ihe mmịpụta skru eme ihe iji nweta mkpuchi na-aga n'ihu:
① Njikwa Okpomọkụ: XLPE chọrọ njikwa okpomọkụ nke ọkwa atọ (mpaghara nri 120°C → mpaghara mkpakọ 150°C → mpaghara nhazi 180°C).
② Njikwa Ọkpụrụkpụ: Ọdịiche dị n'etiti ihe dị n'otu ga-abụrịrị ≤5% (dịka akọwapụtara na GB/T 2951.11).
③ Usoro Jụụ: Iji nwayọọ nwayọọ mee ka ọ dị jụụ n'ime ite mmiri iji gbochie mgbawa nrụgide kristal.
1.3 Ihe Ndị A Na-eme Iji Ngwa
① Nnyefe Ike: 35 kV na n'okpuru eriri XLPE nke a na-etinye mkpuchi (GB/T 12706).
② Ihe mkpuchi waya ụgbọala: Mkpuchi PVC dị gịrịgịrị (ọkpụrụkpụ ISO 6722 ọkọlọtọ 0.13 mm).
③ Eriri Pụrụ Iche: Eriri coaxial PTFE nke a na-etinye n'ime mmiri (ASTM D3307).
Usoro Mkpuchi Ogologo Oge 2
2.1 Nhọrọ Ihe
① Mpekere ígwè: 0.15 mmteepu ígwè galvanized(ihe achọrọ GB/T 2952), teepu aluminom a kpụchara plastik (usoro Al/PET/Al).
② Ihe ndị na-egbochi mmiri: Teepu mmiri na-egbochi mmiri nke a kpụchara ọkụ nke a kpụchara akpụcha (ọnụego ọzịza ≥500%).
③ Ihe eji agbado ọkụ: waya ER5356 aluminom maka ịgbado ọkụ argon arc (ọkọlọtọ AWS A5.10).
2.2 Teknụzụ Ndị Dị Mkpa
Usoro mkpuchi ogologo oge gụnyere usoro atọ dị mkpa:
① Ịkpụzi Mpempe Akwụkwọ: Ịkpụzi mpempe akwụkwọ ndị dị larịị ka ha bụrụ ụdị U → O site na ịpịgharị ọtụtụ usoro.
② Ịgbado ọkụ na-aga n'ihu: Ịgbado ọkụ induction ugboro ugboro dị elu (ugboro 400 kHz, ọsọ 20 m/min).
③ Nnyocha Ntanetị: Ihe nnwale ọkụ (voltaji nnwale 9 kV/mm).
2.3 Ngwa Ndị A Na-ahụkarị
① Eriri ụgbọ mmiri: Mkpuchi ogologo ígwè nke nwere akwa abụọ (IEC 60840 ike igwe ọkọlọtọ ≥400 N/mm²).
② Eriri Ngwuputa: Akpụkpọ aluminom a gbanyere akpụ (MT 818.14 ike nrụgide ≥20 MPa).
③ Eriri Nkwurịta Okwu: Ihe mkpuchi ogologo oge nke aluminom-plastic (mfu nnyefe ≤0.1 dB/m @1GHz).
Usoro Mkpuchi Helical 3
3.1 Ngwakọta Ihe
① Teepu Mica: Ọdịnaya Muscovite ≥95% (GB/T 5019.6), okpomọkụ iguzogide ọkụ 1000°C/90 nkeji.
② Teepu Semiconducting: Ọbara carbon dị n'ime ya bụ 30%～40% (mgbanwe olu ya bụ 10²～10³ Ω·cm).
③ Teepu Ngwakọta: Ihe nkiri polyester + ákwà a na-akpaghị (ọkpụrụkpụ 0.05 mm ±0.005 mm).
3.2 Usoro nhazi
① Akụkụ Mkpuchi: 25°～55° (akụkụ pere mpe na-enye iguzogide mgbagọ ka mma).
② Oke Nchikota: 50% ~ 70% (eriri ndị na-anaghị eguzogide ọkụ chọrọ 100% nchikọta).
③ Njikwa Nrụgide: 0.5～2 N/mm² (njikwa servo moto mechiri emechi).
3.3 Ngwa Ọhụrụ
① Eriri Ike Nuklia: Mkpuchi teepu mica nke nwere akwa atọ (nke ruru eru maka ule LOCA nke IEEE 383).
② Waya Superconducting: Ihe mkpuchi teepu na-egbochi mmiri nke na-eduzi semiconducting (ọnụego njide ugbu a dị oke mkpa ≥98%).
③ Eriri ugboro ugboro: Ihe mkpuchi ihe nkiri PTFE (dielectric constant 2.1 @1MHz).
Usoro Mkpuchi Mkpọchi 4
4.1 Sistemụ Mkpuchi
① Mkpuchi Asphalt: Ntinye aka 60～80 (0.1 mm) @25°C (GB/T 4507).
② Polyurethane: Sistemụ ihe abụọ (NCO∶OH = 1.1∶1), njikọta ≥3B (ASTM D3359).
③ Mkpuchi Nano: SiO₂ emezigharịrị epoxy resin (nnwale ịgba nnu karịrị awa 1000).
4.2 Mmezi Usoro
① Mkpọchi Vacuum: Nrụgide 0.08 MPa dịgidere ruo nkeji iri atọ (ọnụego njupụta oghere karịrị 95%).
② Ọgwụgwọ UV: Ogologo ebili mmiri 365 nm, ike 800 mJ/cm².
③ Nkpọcha Gradient: 40°C × 2 awa → 80°C × 4 awa → 120°C × 1 awa.
4.3 Ngwa Pụrụ Iche
① Ndị Na-eduzi Elu: Mkpuchi mgbochi ire ere nke graphene gbanwere (njupụta nke nnu belatara site na 70%).
② Eriri ụgbọ mmiri: Mkpuchi polyurea na-agwọ onwe ya (oge ọgwụgwọ mgbawa <24 awa).
③ Eriri ndị e liri n'ala: Mkpuchi semiconducting (nguzogide ala ≤5 Ω·km).
Mmechi 5
Site na mmepe nke ihe ọhụrụ na akụrụngwa nwere ọgụgụ isi, usoro mkpuchi na-agbanwe gaa na nhazi na dijitalụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, teknụzụ jikọtara extrusion-longitudinal wrapping na-eme ka mmepụta agbakwunyere nke co-extrusion + aluminum sheath + co-extrusion + aluminom, na eriri nkwukọrịta 5G na-eji nano-coating + wrapping composite insulation. Ihe ọhụrụ usoro n'ọdịnihu kwesịrị ịchọta nguzozi kachasị mma n'etiti njikwa ọnụ ahịa na mmụba arụmọrụ, na-akwalite mmepe dị elu nke ụlọ ọrụ eriri.
Oge ozi: Disemba-31-2025